详解python之简单主机批量管理工具

后端开发|Python教程

批量 管理

后端开发-Python教程

今天做了一个很简单的小项目，感受到了paramiko模块的强大，也深感自己Linux的功力不行~~

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A、需求

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B、简单需求分析及流程图

需求很少，我就简单地说下:

1. 主机分组可以配置文件实现(我用字典存数据的).

2. 登陆功能不做。选择分组后可查看组内对应主机的主机名和IP地址.

3. >>>cmd: df(输入命令则起多个线程(视组内有多少个主机而定)同时执行)

输出:

－－－－－－－－－－－－－h1－－－－－－－－－－－－

……(命令返回的数据)

－－－－－－－－－－－－－h2－－－－－－－－－－－－

……

>>>put test.yy(本地文件) filename (把本地的test.yy文件传到远程主机的/root目录下)

4.可写在配置文件中。包括远程主机的: 主机名 IP 用户名 密码 端口

流程图

C、目录结构及源代码

目录结构:

from_windows.py(待上传的文件)

main.py(批量主机管理接口)

"""批量主机管理接口""" import core if __name__ == "__main__": core.run()

core.py(核心代码，被接口调用)

"""核心代码"""import settingsimport paramikoimport threadingimport os class REMOTE_HOST(object): #远程操作主机 def __init__(self, host, port ,username, password, cmd): self.host = host self.port = port self.username = username self.password = password self.cmd = cmd def run(self): """起线程连接远程主机后调用""" cmd_str = self.cmd.split()[0] if hasattr(self, cmd_str): #反射 eg:调用put方法getattr(self, cmd_str)() else:#setattr(x,y,v)is equivalent to ``x.y=v\setattr(self, cmd_str, mand)getattr(self, cmd_str)() #调用command方法，执行批量命令处理 def command(self): """批量命令处理""" ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() #创建ssh对象 #允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh.connect(hostname=self.host,port=self.port,username=self.username,password=self.password) stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command(self.cmd) result = stdout.read() print("%s".center(50, "-") % self.host) print(result.decode()) ssh.close() def put(self): """上传文件""" filename = self.cmd.split()[1] #要上传的文件 transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host, self.port)) transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password) sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) sftp.put(filename, filename) print("put sucesss")transport.close() def show_host_list(): """通过选择分组显示主机名与IP""" for index, key in enumerate(settings.msg_dic): print(index + 1, key, len(settings.msg_dic[key])) while True: choose_host_list = input(">>>(eg:group1)").strip() host_dic = settings.msg_dic.get(choose_host_list) if host_dic:#print(host_dic)for key in host_dic: print(key, host_dic[key]["IP"])return host_dic else:print("NO exit this group!") def interactive(choose_host_list): """根据选择的分组主机起多个线程进行批量交互""" thread_list = [] while True: cmd = input(">>>").strip() if cmd:for key in choose_host_list: host, port, username, password = choose_host_list[key]["IP"], choose_host_list[key]["port"], \ choose_host_list[key]["username"], choose_host_list[key]["password"] func = REMOTE_HOST(host, port, username, password, cmd) # 实例化类 t = threading.Thread(target=func.run) # 起线程 t.start() thread_list.append(t)for t in thread_list: t.join() # 主线程等待子线程执行完毕 else:continue def run(): choose_host_list = show_host_list() interactive(choose_host_list)

settings.py(配置文件)

"""配置文件""" msg_dic = { "group1":{ #分组1 "h1":{"IP":"192.168.1.1", "username":"11", "password":"aa", "port":22}, "h2":{"IP":"192.168.1.2", "username":"22", "password":"bb", "port":22}, "h3":{"IP":"192.168.1.3", "username":"33", "password":"cc", "port":22}, "h4":{"IP":"192.168.1.4", "username":"44", "password":"dd", "port":22}, "h5":{"IP":"192.168.1.5", "username":"55", "password":"ee", "port":22}, "h6":{"IP":"192.168.1.6", "username":"66", "password":"ff", "port":22}, }, "group2":{ #分组2 "h1":{"IP":"192.168.2.1", "username":"111", "password":"aaa", "port":22}, "h2":{"IP":"192.168.2.2", "username":"222", "password":"bbb", "port":22}, "h3":{"IP":"192.168.2.3", "username":"333", "password":"ccc", "port":22}, "h4":{"IP":"192.168.2.4", "username":"444", "password":"ddd", "port":22}, "h5":{"IP":"192.168.2.5", "username":"555", "password":"eee", "port":22}, "h6":{"IP":"192.168.2.6", "username":"666", "password":"fff", "port":22}, "h7":{"IP":"192.168.2.7", "username":"777", "password":"ggg", "port":22}, "h8":{"IP":"192.168.2.8", "username":"888", "password":"hhh", "port":22}, }, "group3":{ "h1":{"IP":"192.168.179.133", "username":"root", "password":"zcl", "port":22}, }}

测试:

硬件限制，我只用连接一台虚拟机测试~

C:\Python34\python3.exe C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/laonanhai/host_manage/main.py1 group1 62 group3 13 group2 8>>>(eg:group1)group3h1 192.168.179.133>>>put from_windows.pyput sucesss>>>>>>ls------------------------192.168.179.133------------------------anaconda-ks.cfgdatabase_testfrom_windows.pyinstall.loginstall.log.syslogmoot\roottmp\from_windows.py >>>

上传前没有from_windows.py文件，上传后就有了!

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