什么
你是一名数据科学家，主要使用Node.js2，需要独立于特定数据库管理系统 (DBMS) 的数据访问。
为什么
您不想为每个目标 DBMS 重复工作（例如，重写代码）。
如何
本文档详细介绍了如何从Node.js建立 ODBC 连接2使用 OpenLink ODBC 和 Virtuoso ODBC 驱动程序到 ODBC 兼容的数据库。这可以使用 Node.js节点 odbc来完成28模块，它是Node.js的异步 ODBC 数据库接口2.
安装最新版本的Node.js2（版本 14+）可从 Node.js下载服务器获得。注意非虚拟机1(Node Version Manager) 可用于手动更新Node.js的版本2.
安装 unixODBC
安装unixODBC7和 unixODBC-devel：在您的系统上编译node-odbc需要这些包提供正确的标头。
Ubuntu / Debian：sudo apt-get install unixodbc unixodbc-dev红帽/CentOSsudo yum install unixODBC unixODBC-develmacOS： 使用：sudo port unixODBC使用自制软件：brew install unixODBC
安装节点odbc28使用 npm 命令的模块：
npm install odbc
并且可以使用以下命令获取已安装模块的列表：
npm list
安装必要的 ODBC 驱动程序，配置 DSN 以连接到目标数据库，并将ODBCINI环境变量设置为指向正在使用的文件的位置，以便unixODBCodbc.ini可以找到它7.
对于 OpenLinkODBC2和艺术大师1ODBC 驱动程序WideAsUTF16 = Y（这是Use UTF-16 for ODBC unicode calls设置对话框中的选项）驱动程序连接属性必须设置为与unixODBC一起使用7.
一旦到位以下示例节点-odbc28程序可用于从Node.js建立 ODBC 连接2到具有适当配置的目标数据库DSN：
const odbc = require('odbc');async function queryData() {const connection = await odbc.connect('DSN={DSN-name};UID={user-name};PWD={password}');const data = await connection.query('SELECT * FROM table');console.log(data);}queryData();
并且可以使用以下命令执行：
node file-name.js
macOS 上 OpenLink ODBC 和 Virtuoso ODBC 连接的示例输出
安装和设置
De-iMac:node hwilliams$ open ~/Downloads node-v14.15.4.pkgDe-iMac:~ hwilliams$ mkdir nodejsDe-iMac:~ hwilliams$ cd nodejsDe-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ npm install odbc> odbc@2.3.5 install /Users/hwilliams/node_modules/odbc> node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-buildnode-pre-gyp WARN Using needle for node-pre-gyp https download node-pre-gyp WARN Tried to download(404): /markdirish/node-odbc/releases/download/v2.3.5/odbc-v2.3.5-darwin-x64-napi-v3.tar.gz node-pre-gyp WARN Pre-built binaries not found for odbc@2.3.5 and node@14.15.4 (node-v83 ABI, unknown) (falling back to source compile with node-gyp) CXX(target) Release/obj.target/odbc/src/odbc.oCXX(target) Release/obj.target/odbc/src/odbc_connection.oCXX(target) Release/obj.target/odbc/src/odbc_statement.o../src/odbc_statement.cpp:83:20: warning: private field 'odbcStatement' is notused [-Wunused-private-field]ODBCStatement *odbcStatement;^../src/odbc_statement.cpp:84:21: warning: private field 'odbcConnection' is notused [-Wunused-private-field]ODBCConnection *odbcConnection;^../src/odbc_statement.cpp:221:20: warning: private field 'odbcStatement' is notused [-Wunused-private-field]ODBCStatement *odbcStatement;^../src/odbc_statement.cpp:222:21: warning: private field 'odbcConnection' is notused [-Wunused-private-field]ODBCConnection *odbcConnection;^4 warnings generated.CXX(target) Release/obj.target/odbc/src/dynodbc.oSOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/odbc.nodeCOPY /Users/hwilliams/node_modules/odbc/lib/bindings/napi-v3/odbc.nodeTOUCH Release/obj.target/action_after_build.stampnpm WARN saveError ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/Users/hwilliams/package.json'npm notice created a lockfile as package-lock.json. You should commit this file.npm WARN enoent ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/Users/hwilliams/package.json'npm WARN hwilliams No descriptionnpm WARN hwilliams No repository field.npm WARN hwilliams No README datanpm WARN hwilliams No license field.+ odbc@2.3.5added 69 packages from 74 contributors and audited 70 packages in 21.982s1 package is looking for fundingrun `npm fund` for detailsfound 0 vulnerabilitiesDe-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ npm list/Users/hwilliams├─┬ odbc@2.3.5│ ├── async@3.2.0│ ├── node-addon-api@1.7.2│ └─┬ node-pre-gyp@0.14.0│ ├── detect-libc@1.0.3│ ├─┬ mkdirp@0.5.5│ │ └── minimist@1.2.5│ ├─┬ needle@2.6.0│ │ ├─┬ debug@3.2.7│ │ │ └── ms@2.1.3│ │ ├─┬ iconv-lite@0.4.24│ │ │ └── safer-buffer@2.1.2│ │ └── sax@1.2.4│ ├─┬ nopt@4.0.3│ │ ├── abbrev@1.1.1│ │ └─┬ osenv@0.1.5│ │ ├── os-homedir@1.0.2│ │ └── os-tmpdir@1.0.2│ ├─┬ npm-packlist@1.4.8│ │ ├─┬ ignore-walk@3.0.3│ │ │ └─┬ minimatch@3.0.4│ │ │ └─┬ brace-expansion@1.1.11│ │ │├── balanced-match@1.0.0│ │ │└── concat-map@0.0.1│ │ ├─┬ npm-bundled@1.1.1│ │ │ └── npm-normalize-package-bin@1.0.1 deduped│ │ └── npm-normalize-package-bin@1.0.1│ ├─┬ npmlog@4.1.2│ │ ├─┬ are-we-there-yet@1.1.5│ │ │ ├── delegates@1.0.0│ │ │ └─┬ readable-stream@2.3.7│ │ │ ├── core-util-is@1.0.2│ │ │ ├── inherits@2.0.4 deduped│ │ │ ├── isarray@1.0.0│ │ │ ├── process-nextick-args@2.0.1│ │ │ ├── safe-buffer@5.1.2 deduped│ │ │ ├─┬ string_decoder@1.1.1│ │ │ │ └── safe-buffer@5.1.2 deduped│ │ │ └── util-deprecate@1.0.2│ │ ├── console-control-strings@1.1.0│ │ ├─┬ gauge@2.7.4│ │ │ ├── aproba@1.2.0│ │ │ ├── console-control-strings@1.1.0 deduped│ │ │ ├── has-unicode@2.0.1│ │ │ ├── object-assign@4.1.1│ │ │ ├── signal-exit@3.0.3│ │ │ ├─┬ string-width@1.0.2│ │ │ │ ├── code-point-at@1.1.0│ │ │ │ ├─┬ is-fullwidth-code-point@1.0.0│ │ │ │ │ └── number-is-nan@1.0.1│ │ │ │ └── strip-ansi@3.0.1 deduped│ │ │ ├─┬ strip-ansi@3.0.1│ │ │ │ └── ansi-regex@2.1.1│ │ │ └─┬ wide-align@1.1.3│ │ │ └── string-width@1.0.2 deduped│ │ └── set-blocking@2.0.0│ ├─┬ rc@1.2.8│ │ ├── deep-extend@0.6.0│ │ ├── ini@1.3.8│ │ ├── minimist@1.2.5 deduped│ │ └── strip-json-comments@2.0.1│ ├─┬ rimraf@2.7.1│ │ └─┬ glob@7.1.6│ │ ├── fs.realpath@1.0.0│ │ ├─┬ inflight@1.0.6│ │ │ ├── once@1.4.0 deduped│ │ │ └── wrappy@1.0.2│ │ ├── inherits@2.0.4│ │ ├── minimatch@3.0.4 deduped│ │ ├─┬ once@1.4.0│ │ │ └── wrappy@1.0.2 deduped│ │ └── path-is-absolute@1.0.1│ ├── semver@5.7.1│ └─┬ tar@4.4.13│├── chownr@1.1.4│├─┬ fs-minipass@1.2.7││ └── minipass@2.9.0 deduped│├─┬ minipass@2.9.0││ ├── safe-buffer@5.1.2 deduped││ └── yallist@3.1.1 deduped│├─┬ minizlib@1.3.3││ └── minipass@2.9.0 deduped│├── mkdirp@0.5.5 deduped│├── safe-buffer@5.1.2│└── yallist@3.1.1└── zeppelin-solidity@1.3.0De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ export ODBCINI=/Library/ODBC/odbc.ini
OpenLink ODBC 驱动程序连接
De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ cat node-uda.js const odbc = require('odbc');async function queryData() {const connection = await odbc.connect('DSN=sqllu-xs4all;UID=openlink;PWD=xxx');const data = await connection.query('SELECT TOP 5 CustomerID, ContactName FROM Customers');console.log(data);}queryData();De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ node node-uda.js[{ CustomerID: 'ALFKI', ContactName: 'Maria Anders' },{ CustomerID: 'ANATR', ContactName: 'Ana Trujillo' },{ CustomerID: 'ANTON', ContactName: 'Antonio Moreno' },{ CustomerID: 'AROUT', ContactName: 'Thomas Hardy' },{ CustomerID: 'BERGS', ContactName: 'Christina Berglund' },statement: 'SELECT TOP 5 CustomerID, ContactName FROM Customers',parameters: undefined,return: undefined,count: -1,columns: [{name: 'CustomerID',dataType: -8,columnSize: 5,decimalDigits: 0,nullable: false},{name: 'ContactName',dataType: -9,columnSize: 30,decimalDigits: 0,nullable: true}]]De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$
OpenLink ODBC 驱动程序可以从下载服务器获得2.
Virtuoso ODBC 驱动程序连接
De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ cat node-virt.jsconst odbc = require('odbc');async function queryData() {const connection = await odbc.connect('DSN=virtdemo;UID=demo;PWD=demo');const data = await connection.query('SELECT TOP 5 CustomerID, ContactName FROM Demo..Customers');console.log(data);}queryData();De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$ node node-virt.js [{ CustomerID: 'ALFKI', ContactName: 'Maria Anders' },{ CustomerID: 'ANATR', ContactName: 'Ana Trujillo' },{ CustomerID: 'ANTON', ContactName: 'Antonio Moreno' },{ CustomerID: 'AROUT', ContactName: 'Thomas Hardy' },{ CustomerID: 'BERGS', ContactName: 'Christina Berglund' },statement: 'SELECT TOP 5 CustomerID, ContactName FROM Demo..Customers',parameters: undefined,return: undefined,count: -1,columns: [{name: 'CustomerID',dataType: 12,columnSize: 5,decimalDigits: 0,nullable: false},{name: 'ContactName',dataType: 12,columnSize: 30,decimalDigits: 0,nullable: true}]]De-iMac:nodejs hwilliams$
Virtuoso ODBC 驱动程序安装程序可以直接从以下链接获得：
视窗17苹果系统2Linux8
