脑机接口是一种新兴的人机交互形式，采用这种交互方式，人脑可通过脑电信号直接控制或操作外部设备。脑机接口的研究既对人机交互有新的理解，也对脑科学有了更深入的认识。稳态视觉诱发电位是目前比较成熟的脑机接口实现方式之一。本文利用典型相关分析方法，比较采集的脑电波数据与多组不同频率谐波之间的典型相关系数，选择最大相关系数对应的频率视为刺激频率，实现了稳态视觉诱发电位的识别。
在频率识别过程中，屏幕上显示不同频率闪烁的黑白方块代表不同的控制信号，被试者注视其产生的稳态视觉诱发电位信号，通过算法解析出该信号，确定需要控制的对象，激活相应对象。由于系统控制过程中被试者存在不注视刺激的情况，单纯依靠算法无法区分是否注视刺激，导致准确率下降。因此在算法识别后增加一个分类器，引入投票机制统计识别结果，降低了误激活率。基于改进后的脑机接口算法，我们搭建了一个虚拟家用电器控制系统，在线测试表明，该系统对于三分类问题准确率达到72.84%。
全文信息
Brain–computer control interface design for virtual household appliances based on steady-state visually evoked potential recognition
BY: Fan Zhang, Hang Yu, Jie Jiang, Zhangye Wang, Xujia Qin
Abstract:
Brain–computer interface is a new form of interaction between humans and machines. This interaction helps the human brain control or operate external devices directly using electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. In this study, we first adopt a canonical correlation analysis method to find the stimulation frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient between the EEG data and multiple sets of harmonics with different frequencies. Then, we select the maximum correlation coefficient as the stimulus frequency and consequently identify steady-state visual evoked potentials. Afterward, we introduce power spectral density to adjust the stimulus frequency and a voting mechanism to reduce the false activation rate. Finally, we build a virtual household electrical appliance brain–computer control interface, which achieves over 72.84% accuracy for three classification problems.
Keywords: Brain–computer interface，Steady-state visually evoked potential，Canonical correlation analysis
Link: /science/article/pii/S2468502X19300658
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