csv导出文件解决中文乱码和文件名空格问题
开发环境
前端：Vue
后端：Java
问题的出现：
1、csv的文件中文内容 excel打开是乱码，wps没问题（wps会进行不同的编码转换，excel不会）
2、其他未出现但潜在的问题（文件名中带空格，xxx xxx.csv最后变成的xxx+xxx.csv）
3、文件名是中文，出现乱码
要注意的几个问题：
1、文件名为中文
2、文件名中有空格
3、文件内容有中文
以上问题都需要处理
处理方法
前端：
对于文件名的处理：
把从content-disposition里面获取的fileName进行decodeURI处理
对于中文内容乱码的处理：
httprequest的responseType要添加为blobresponseType: 'blob’
核心代码
_this.$axios({method: 'get',url: origin + url,params,headers,responseType: 'blob', //重点代码timeout: 30000}).then(res => {
const disposition = res.headers['content-disposition']let fName = decodeURI(disposition.substring(disposition.indexOf('filename=') + 9, disposition.length))fName = fName.replace(/"/g, '')link.download = fName
参考代码
import env from '../env'/*** 导出 CSV 文件下载* @param _this 上下文* @param url 请求地址* @param params 请求参数* @param fileName 文件名(需要带后缀, 如果传 false/null/undefined 可直接使用后台返回的文件名)* @param loadingName loading 挂载在 _this 上的名字*/export const downloadCSV = (_this, url, params, fileName, loadingName) => {_this[loadingName] = trueconst origin = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'localDevelopment' ? process.env.BASE_URL : window.location.origin + process.env.BASE_URLconst headers = {}let downloadUrl = ''if (_this.$store.state.user.token) {headers.userId = _this.$store.state.user.userId // 登录中，默认带用户IDheaders.Token = _this.$store.state.user.token // 请求接口决定是否带Token}_this.$axios({method: 'get',url: origin + url,params,headers,responseType: 'blob',timeout: 30000}).then(res => {downloadUrl = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([res.data]))const link = document.createElement('a')link.style.display = 'none'link.href = downloadUrlif (fileName) {link.download = fileName} else {const disposition = res.headers['content-disposition']let fName = decodeURI(disposition.substring(disposition.indexOf('filename=') + 9, disposition.length))fName = fName.replace(/"/g, '')link.download = fName}document.body.appendChild(link)link.click()}).finally(() => {_this[loadingName] = falsewindow.URL.revokeObjectURL(downloadUrl)})}
后端：
对于文件名处理：
里面fileName需要UrlEncoder进行url转义处理
且对于文件名中有空格而言，会转为%x%x+%x%x.csv 这里会替换+为%20
核心代码
@Overridepublic ResponseEntity<byte[]> toResponse() {this.close();try {FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(this.csvFile);ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] b = new byte[1024];int n;while ((n = fis.read(b)) != -1) {bos.write(b, 0, n);}fis.close();bos.close();HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();String encodeName = URLEncoder.encode(this.name + SUFFIX, "UTF-8");String fileName = encodeName.replace("+", "%20");httpHeaders.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);httpHeaders.setAccessControlExposeHeaders(Collections.singletonList("Content-Disposition"));return new ResponseEntity<>(bos.toByteArray(), httpHeaders, HttpStatus.CREATED);} catch (IOException e) {throw new BaseException(CSV_IO_EXCEPTION);}}
参考代码
import lombok.Getter;import mons.csv.CSVFormat;import mons.csv.CSVPrinter;import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;import org.springframework.http.MediaType;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import java.io.*;import .URLEncoder;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.stream.Stream;/*** Csv文件导出工具实现类** @author hx* @version 1.0* @date /5/25 16:45*/@Getterpublic class CsvUtil implements FileUtil {private static final String PREFIX = "vehicle";private static final String SUFFIX = ".csv";private final String name;private String[] headers;private FileOutputStream fos;private File csvFile;private String inCharset;private String outCharset;private OutputStreamWriter osw;private CSVPrinter csvPrinter;public CsvUtil(String name) {this(name, "UTF-8", "iso-8859-1");}public CsvUtil(String name, String inCharset, String outCharset) {this.name = name;this.inCharset = inCharset;this.outCharset = outCharset;}@Overridepublic void setHeader(String... headers) {this.setHeaders(headers);}@Overridepublic void setHeaders(String[] headers) {this.headers = headers;this.initPrinter();}@Overridepublic void setHeaders(Collection<String> row) {this.setHeaders(row.toArray(new String[0]));}@Overridepublic void writeVaried(Iterable<?> row) {try {this.csvPrinter.printRecord(row);} catch (IOException e) {throw new BaseException(CSV_IO_EXCEPTION);} catch (NullPointerException e) {this.initPrinter();this.writeVaried(row);}}@Overridepublic void writeRow(Object[] row) {try {this.csvPrinter.printRecord(row);} catch (IOException e) {throw new BaseException(CSV_IO_EXCEPTION);} catch (NullPointerException e) {this.initPrinter();this.writeRow(row);}}@Overridepublic void writeFeed() {try {this.csvPrinter.println();} catch (IOException e) {throw new BaseException(CSV_IO_EXCEPTION);} catch (NullPointerException e) {this.initPrinter();this.writeFeed();}}@Overridepublic void writeEmptyLine() {try {this.csvPrinter.println();} catch (IOException e) {this.writeLine("");} catch (NullPointerException e) {this.initPrinter();this.writeEmptyLine();}}@Overridepublic void writeLine(Object... line) {this.writeRow(line);}@Overridepublic void writeStrLine(String... line) {Stream<String> stream = Arrays.stream(line);this.writeVaried(FileUtil.filterStrStream(stream));}@Overridepublic void writeStrRow(String[] row) {Stream<String> stream = Arrays.stream(row);this.writeVaried(FileUtil.filterStrStream(stream));}@Overridepublic void writeList(Collection<?> row) {this.writeVaried(row);}@Overridepublic void writeStrList(Collection<String> row) {this.writeVaried(FileUtil.filterStrStream(row.stream()));}@Overridepublic ResponseEntity<byte[]> toResponse() {this.close();try {FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(this.csvFile);ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] b = new byte[1024];int n;while ((n = fis.read(b)) != -1) {bos.write(b, 0, n);}fis.close();bos.close();HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();String encodeName = URLEncoder.encode(this.name + SUFFIX, "UTF-8");String fileName = encodeName.replace("+", "%20");httpHeaders.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);httpHeaders.setAccessControlExposeHeaders(Collections.singletonList("Content-Disposition"));return new ResponseEntity<>(bos.toByteArray(), httpHeaders, HttpStatus.CREATED);} catch (IOException e) {throw new BaseException(CSV_IO_EXCEPTION);}}@Overridepublic void close() {FileUtil.close(csvPrinter, osw, fos);}private void initPrinter() {CSVFormat csvFormat = CSVFormat.DEFAULT;if (this.headers != null) {csvFormat = csvFormat.withHeader(this.headers);}try {this.csvFile = File.createTempFile(PREFIX, SUFFIX);this.fos = new FileOutputStream(this.csvFile);this.osw = new OutputStreamWriter(fos);//防止excel中文乱码this.osw.write('\ufeff');this.osw.flush();this.csvPrinter = new CSVPrinter(this.osw, csvFormat);} catch (IOException e) {this.close();throw new BaseException(CSV_IO_EXCEPTION);}}public void setInCharset(String inCharset) {this.inCharset = inCharset;}public void setOutCharset(String outCharset) {this.outCharset = outCharset;}}
最后
以上问题，不仅针对于导出csv，一切导出下载文件，皆可适用，仅供参考
