java导出excel一般都是2种情况,一种是依赖一个实体类进行导出,或者把数据查询出来当成一个视图,对视图进行创建实体;另一种方式就是通过数据还要计算,然后一块统计,那么就不是很好处理了,我采用的是把数据封装到List<Map<String,Object>>,如果数据中还有分支,那么继续把数据封装到List<Map<String,Object>>中去。
主要说说复杂数据类型的导出,复杂类型的导出,就是合并单元格,单元格合并也分合并行,合并列。
1. 代码中的
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, (short)i, 2, (short)i)); 合并行
合并的是第一行的第 i列,都占三行。 为1、2、3、4 然后第三个参数是合并3行。行和列的坐标都是从0开始的
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(1, (short)start, 1, (short)(end))); 合并列 合并的是第二行(第一个参数是1)的低start列到end列。
Region 对象中有4个参数:起始行、起始列、结束行、结束列
我的查询出来的数据结构:
{
questionnaireName=问卷00, questionSize=3, firstDepart=办公室, joinPersons=1, secondDepart=综合管理科,
questions=[
{questionName=问题1, answers=[
{optionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6aa0003, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6aa0002, value=选项1, statistical=[100, 1]},
{optionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0004, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6aa0002, value=选项2, statistical=[0, 0]},
{optionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0005, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6aa0002, value=选项3, statistical=[0, 0]}
], selectType=1},
{questionName=问题2, answers=[
{optionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0007, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0006, value=答案1, statistical=[0, 0]},
{optionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0008, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0006, value=答案2, statistical=[100, 1]},
{optionId=8ae0940555b9d72d0155b9f512940001, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0006, value=答案3, statistical=[100, 1]},
{optionId=8ae0940555b9d72d0155b9f512a00002, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ab0006, value=答案4, statistical=[100, 1]}
], selectType=2},
{questionName=问题3, answers=[
{optionId=8ae0940555e8520c0155e9c3c5330001, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ac0009, value=答案1, statistical=[0, 0]},
{optionId=8ae0940555e8520c0155e9c3c5410002, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ac0009, value=答案2, statistical=[100, 1]},
{optionId=8ae0940555e8520c0155e9c3c5410003, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ac0009, value=答案3, statistical=[0, 0]}, {
optionId=8ae0940555e8520c0155e9c3c5410004, questionId=8ae0940555b484fd0155b488b6ac0009, value=答案4, statistical=[0, 0]
}], selectType=1}
]}
一.复杂数据类型导出
package com.moses.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.Region;
public class ExportExcel<T>
{
@SuppressWarnings({"deprecation", "unchecked" })
public static void exportExcel(String title,Map<String,Object> result, OutputStream out) throws IOException
{
// 声明一个工作薄
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// //设置表格样式
// HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);// 居中
// style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
// //设置字体
// HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
// font.setFontName("黑体");
// font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 16);
// 生成一个表格
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(1);
HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(2);
HSSFRow row3 = sheet.createRow(3);
for (int i = 0; i < result.size()-1; i++) {
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short)i);
if(i==0){
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, (short)i, 2, (short)i));
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("问卷名称"));
//第二行的第一列赋值
HSSFCell row1cell0 = row3.createCell((short)0);
row1cell0.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString((String)result.get("questionnaireName")));
}else if(i==1){
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, (short)i, 2, (short)i));
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("答卷人数"));
//第二行的第二列赋值
HSSFCell row1cell1 = row3.createCell(1);
row1cell1.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(String.valueOf(result.get("joinPersons"))));
}else if(i==2){
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, (short)i, 2, (short)i));
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("一级部门"));
//第二行的第三列赋值
HSSFCell row1cell2 = row3.createCell(i);
row1cell2.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString((String)result.get("firstDepart")));
}else if(i==3){
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, (short)i, 2, (short)i));
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("二级部门"));
//第二行的第四列赋值
HSSFCell row1cell3 = row3.createCell(i);
row1cell3.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString((String)result.get("secondDepart")));
}else{
//获取该问卷所有的问题
List<Map<String,Object>> questionNames = (List<Map<String,Object>>)result.get("questions");
int b = 0;
int m = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < questionNames.size(); j++) {
//4
m = i+j+b; //m为列的坐标
HSSFCell cell1 = row.createCell((short)(m));
//获取当前问题的答案
List<Map<String,Object>> answers = (List<Map<String,Object>>)questionNames.get(j).get("answers");
String selectType = (String)questionNames.get(j).get("selectType");
System.out.println("selectType:"+selectType);
if("2".equals(selectType)|| "1".equals(selectType)){
//答案
for (int k = 0; k < answers.size(); k++) {
//第二行显示答案:起始位置:m+2*k,结束位置:m+2*k+1
int start = m+2*k; //0:4,1:6,2:8
int end = m+2*k+1; //0:5,1:7,2:9
HSSFCell cell2 = row1.createCell((short)(start));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(1, (short)start, 1, (short)(end)));
cell2.setCellValue((String)answers.get(k).get("value"));
//第三行显示标题性文字:比例,人员
HSSFCell cell3 = row2.createCell((short)(start));
HSSFCell cell4 = row2.createCell((short)(end));
cell3.setCellValue("比例");
cell4.setCellValue("人数");
//第四行显示查询出来的比例和人数的数据
HSSFCell cell5 = row3.createCell((short)(start));
HSSFCell cell6 = row3.createCell((short)(end));
List<String> statistical = (List<String>)answers.get(k).get("statistical");
cell5.setCellValue(statistical.get(0)+"%"); //比例
cell6.setCellValue(statistical.get(1)); //人数
}
}
//问题
b = m+2*answers.size();
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, (short)m, 0, (short)(b-1)));
cell1.setCellValue((String)questionNames.get(j).get("questionName"));
b = b-i-j-1;
}
}
}
workbook.write(out);
}
}
结果:
二、依赖实体的导出
package com.moses.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFComment;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
/**
* 利用开源组件POI3.0.2动态导出EXCEL文档 转载时请保留以下信息,注明出处!
* 应用泛型,代表任意一个符合javabean风格的类
* 注意这里为了简单起见,boolean型的属性xxx的get器方式为getXxx(),而不是isXxx()
* byte[]表jpg格式的图片数据
*/
public class ExportUtil<T>
{
/**
* 这是一个通用的方法,利用了JAVA的反射机制,可以将放置在JAVA集合中并且符号一定条件的数据以EXCEL 的形式输出到指定IO设备上
*
* @param title 表格标题名
* @param headers 表格属性列名数组
* @param dataset 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合javabean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的
* javabean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date,byte[](图片数据)
* @param parmas 实体类中的属性
* @param out 与输出设备关联的流对象,可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中
* @param pattern 如果有时间数据,设定输出格式。默认为"yyy-MM-dd"
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "deprecation" })
public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers,Collection<T> dataset,String[]params, OutputStream out)
{
// 声明一个工作薄
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// 生成一个表格
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);
// 生成一个样式
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// 设置这些样式
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
// 生成一个字体
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style.setFont(font);
// 生成并设置另一个样式
HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
// 生成另一个字体
HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style2.setFont(font2);
// 声明一个画图的顶级管理器
HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
// 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5));
// 设置注释内容
comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("可以在POI中添加注释!"));
// 设置注释作者,当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.
comment.setAuthor("leno");
// 产生表格标题行
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++)
{
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
cell.setCellValue(text);
}
// 遍历集合数据,产生数据行
Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
int index = 0;
while (it.hasNext())
{
index++;
row = sheet.createRow(index);
T t = (T) it.next();
for (short i = 0; i < params.length; i++)
{
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style2);
String getMethodName = "get" + params[i];
try
{
Class tCls = t.getClass();
Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName,new Class[]{});
Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
String textValue = value.toString();
// 如果不是图片数据,就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成
if (textValue != null) {
Pattern p = pile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
if (matcher.matches()){
// 是数字当作double处理
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
}else{
HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(
textValue);
HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
richString.applyFont(font3);
cell.setCellValue(richString);
}
}
}catch (SecurityException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (NoSuchMethodException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IllegalArgumentException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IllegalAccessException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (InvocationTargetException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
try{
workbook.write(out);
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// public static void main(String[] args)
// {
// // 测试学生
// ExportUtil<Student> ex = new ExportUtil<Student>();
// String[] headers = { "学号", "姓名", "年龄", "性别", "出生日期" };
// List<Student> dataset = new ArrayList<Student>();
// dataset.add(new Student(10000001, "张三", 20, true, new Date()));
// dataset.add(new Student(20000002, "李四", 24, false, new Date()));
// dataset.add(new Student(30000003, "王五", 22, true, new Date()));
// try
// {
// OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/meixiaolong/work-mxl/1.xls");
// ex.exportExcel(headers, dataset, out);
// out.close();
// JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "导出成功!");
// System.out.println("excel导出成功!");
// }
// catch (FileNotFoundException e)
// {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// catch (IOException e)
// {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// }
}