一、配置ODBC数据源
1、搜索框搜索’ODBC’
2、点击“添加”
3、选择 “SQL Sever Native Client 11.0”
4、
输入数据源（需记住）的名称，以及服务器名（本人填写的是’.’，本地服务器）。
5、输入登录名和密码。（如果之前用的是Windows登录，请修改为SQL Sever身份验证）。
修改过程参考修改为SQL Sever身份验证登录
6、选择数据库
7、
8、点击测试数据源
9、测试成功
二、连接数据库
VS环境下创建工程，添加文件，先输入以下代码，然后其中有地方需要自行修改。
//VS 环境#include<iostream>#include<string>#include<windows.h>#include<sql.h>#include<sqlext.h>#include<sqltypes.h>#define sno_length 11#define sname_length 10#define sdepart_length 30#define ssex_length 5using namespace std;SQLRETURN ret;SQLHENV henv;SQLHDBC hdbc;SQLHSTMT hstmt;typedef struct {SQLCHAR sno[sno_length], sname[sname_length], sdept[sdepart_length], ssex[ssex_length];SQLSMALLINT sage, grade;SQLINTEGER csno, cbsname, cbdepart, cbsage, cbsex;}SC;SC sc;//字符转为宽字符wchar_t* trstring2wchar(const char *str){int mystringsize = (int)(strlen(str) + 1);WCHAR* wchart = new wchar_t[mystringsize];MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str, -1, wchart, mystringsize);return wchart;}//宽字符转换为字符串void wchar2strstring(string & szDst, WCHAR * wchart){wchar_t * wtext = wchart;DWORD dwNmu = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, NULL, wtext, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, FALSE);char * psTest;psTest = new char[dwNmu];WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, NULL, wtext, -1, psTest, dwNmu, NULL, FALSE);szDst = psTest;delete[]psTest;}//字符转换为wstringwstring CharToWchar(const char* c, size_t m_encode = CP_ACP){std::wstring str;int len = MultiByteToWideChar(m_encode, 0, c, strlen(c), NULL, 0);wchar_t*m_wchar = new wchar_t[len + 1];MultiByteToWideChar(m_encode, 0, c, strlen(c), m_wchar, len);m_wchar[len] = '\0';str = m_wchar;delete m_wchar;return str;}//错误处理void handleResult(SQLHANDLE hHandle, SQLSMALLINT hType, RETCODE RetCode){SQLSMALLINT iRec = 0;SQLINTEGER iError;WCHAR wszMessage[1000];WCHAR wszState[SQL_SQLSTATE_SIZE + 1];//处理无效if (RetCode == SQL_INVALID_HANDLE){fwprintf(stderr, L"Invalid handle!\n");return;}//对于此处版本 vc 6.0 报错while (SQLGetDiagRec(hType, hHandle, ++iRec, wszState, &iError, wszMessage, (SQLSMALLINT)(sizeof(wszMessage) / sizeof(WCHAR)),(SQLSMALLINT *)NULL) == SQL_SUCCESS){// Hide data truncated.. if (wcsncmp(wszState, L"01004", 5)){fwprintf(stderr, L"[%5.5s]---%s---(%d)\n", wszState, wszMessage, iError);}}}//输出错误void error(SQLRETURN err) {printf("错误相关信息输出： ");switch (err) {caseSQL_SUCCESS:puts("****SQL_SUCCESS*****"); break;caseSQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO:puts("SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO"); break;caseSQL_ERROR:puts("SQL_ERROR"); break;caseSQL_INVALID_HANDLE:puts("SQL_INVALID_HANDLE"); break;caseSQL_NO_DATA_FOUND:puts("SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND"); break;caseSQL_NEED_DATA:puts("SQL_NEED_DATA"); break;default:puts("err");}}//宽字符转字符指针char* wideCharToMultiByte(wchar_t* pWCStrKey){//第一次调用确认转换后单字节字符串的长度，用于开辟空间int pSize = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, 0, pWCStrKey, wcslen(pWCStrKey), NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);char* pCStrKey = new char[pSize + 1];//第二次调用将双字节字符串转换成单字节字符串WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, 0, pWCStrKey, wcslen(pWCStrKey), pCStrKey, pSize, NULL, NULL);pCStrKey[pSize] = '\0';return pCStrKey;}//连接void init(){ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, NULL, &henv);//申请环境句柄ret = SQLSetEnvAttr(henv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_OV_ODBC3, SQL_IS_INTEGER);ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, henv, &hdbc);//申请数据库连接句柄//vs 改为以下ret = SQLConnect(hdbc, (SQLWCHAR*)L"db1", SQL_NTS, (SQLWCHAR*)L"sa", SQL_NTS, (SQLWCHAR*)L"17386111245", SQL_NTS);//VC6.0中用ret = SQLConnect(hdbc, (unsigned char*)"test_db", SQL_NTS, (unsigned char*)"sa" , SQL_NTS, (unsigned char*)"666666", SQL_NTS);//与上等价//ret=SQLConnect(hdbc,(SQLCHAR*)"DB_61",SQL_NTS,(SQLCHAR*)"sa",SQL_NTS,(SQLCHAR*)"666666",SQL_NTS);//DB_61为配置的ODBC数据源名称，这里根据自己的配置进行修改if (!(ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)){printf("连接数据库失败!\n");//cout<"连接数据库失败!"<<endl;//return -1;}else{printf("连接成功！\n");}//ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);}//查询void query(){//VS 版本中ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);SQLWCHAR sql1[] = L"use test_db";SQLWCHAR sql2[] = L"select * from test";ret = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, sql1, SQL_NTS);ret = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, sql2, SQL_NTS);if (ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO){//SQLWCHAR str1[50], str2[50], str3[50];SQLCHAR str1[50], str2[50], str3[50];SQLINTEGER len_str1, len_str2, len_str3;//SQLLEN len_str1, len_str2, len_str3;/*SQLFetch函数的功能是将结果集的当前记录指针移至下一个记录；*/while (SQLFetch(hstmt) != SQL_NO_DATA){/*SQLGetData函数的功能是提取结果集中当前记录的某个字段值*/SQLGetData(hstmt, 1, SQL_C_CHAR, str1, sizeof(str1), &len_str1); //获取第一列数据SQLGetData(hstmt, 2, SQL_C_CHAR, str2, sizeof(str2), &len_str2);SQLGetData(hstmt, 3, SQL_C_CHAR, str3, sizeof(str3), &len_str3);//retcode = SQLBindCol(hstmt, 1, SQL_C_CHAR, sCustID, 100, &cbCustID);printf(" %s \t %s \t %s \n", str1, str2, str3);}}ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);//ret = SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc);//释放连接句柄//SQLDisconnect(hdbc);//ret = SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);//释放环境句柄//return 0;}//插入记录void insert(){ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);SQLWCHAR str[100] = L"insert into test_db.dbo.test(num,name,addr,age) values(12,'李莉','深州',21)";ret = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, str, SQL_NTS);if (ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO){cout << "插入成功！" << endl;}else{handleResult(hstmt, SQL_HANDLE_STMT, ret);cout << "插入失败！" << endl;}error(ret);//输出：****SQL_SUCCESS*****//表示插入成功}//删除记录void delRecord(){ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);//传入要删除的 id,带参数查询可用字符拼接完成//假如是 12int num = 12;//WCHAR* wchart = trstring2wchar(num.c_str());string sql = "delete from test_db.dbo.test where num=";char ch[10];sprintf(ch, "%d", num);sql.append(ch);//wcscat(sql, wchart);cout << "111" << endl;//wprintf(L"%S", sql);//wcout << sql << endl;ret = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, trstring2wchar(sql.c_str()), SQL_NTS);if (ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO){cout << "删除成功！" << endl;}else{handleResult(hstmt, SQL_HANDLE_STMT, ret);cout << "删除失败！" << endl;}}int main(){init();//insert();//query();//delRecord();//query();}
修改部分：在init（）函数中
ret = SQLConnect(hdbc, (SQLWCHAR*)L"db1", SQL_NTS, (SQLWCHAR*)L"sa", SQL_NTS, (SQLWCHAR*)L"17386111245", SQL_NTS);
第一个参数"db1"，修改为，配置ODBC数据源时设置的需要记住的名称；后两个参数分别为用户名和密码。
开始运行，连接成功。
主函数里面，因为每个人的表不一样，我把其他功能给注释掉了，只保留了一个函数，测试连接数据库。其余部分可以参考。
参考代码：代码出处
