一、项目目标
爬取豆瓣TOP250电影的评分、评价人数、短评等信息,并在其保存在txt文件中,html解析方式基于正则表达式
二、确定页面内容
爬虫地址:/top250
确定爬取内容:视频链接,视频名称,导演/主演名称,视频评分,视频简介,评价人数等信息
打开网页,按F12键,可获取以下界面信息
观察可知,每一部视频的详细信息都存放在li标签中
每部视频的视频名称在 class属性值为title 的span标签里,视频名称有可能有多个(中英文);
每部视频的评分在对应li标签里的(唯一)一个 class属性值为rating_num 的span标签里;
每部视频的评价人数在 对应li标签 里的一个 class属性值为star 的div标签中 的最后一个数字;
每部视频的链接在对应li标签里的一个a标签里
每部视频的简介在对应li标签里的一个class属性值为ing的标签里
python 代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# @Time : /12/1 15:55# @Author : gj# @Site : # @File : test_class.py# @Software: PyCharmimport urllib2,re,threading'''伪造头信息'''def Get_header():headers = {'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_3) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.54 Safari/536.5'}return headers'''获取页面内容'''def Spider(url,header):req = urllib2.Request(url=url,headers=header)html = urllib2.urlopen(req)info = html.read()return infodef Analyse(infos):pattern = pile('<ol class="grid_view">(.*?)</ol>',re.S)info = pattern.findall(infos)pattern = pile("<li>(.*?)</li>",re.S)movie_infos = pattern.findall(info[0])movie=[]for movie_info in movie_infos:movie_temp=[]url = ""title=""director=""score=""peoples=""inq=""#获取链接地址pattern_url = pile('<a href="(.*?)" class="">')movie_urls = pattern.findall(movie_info)for movie_url in movie_urls:url = url+movie_urlmovie_temp.append(url)# 获取视频名称pattern_title = pile('<span class="title">(.*?)</span>')movie_titles = pattern_title.findall(movie_info)for movie_title in movie_titles:title = title+movie_titlemovie_temp.append(title)# 获取视频演员表pattern_director = pile('<p class="">(.*?)<br>',re.S)movie_directors = pattern_director.findall(movie_info)for movie_director in movie_directors:director = director+movie_directormovie_temp.append(director)#获取视频评分pattern_score = pile('<div class="star">.*?<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*?)</span>.*?<span>(.*?)</span>.*?</div>',re.S)movie_scores = pattern_score.findall(movie_info)for movie_score in movie_scores:score = movie_score[0]peoples = movie_score[1]breakmovie_temp.append(score)movie_temp.append(peoples)# 获取视频简介pattern_inq = pile('<p class="quote">.*?<span class="inq">(.*?)</span>.*?</p>',re.S)movie_inqs = pattern_inq.findall(movie_info)if len(movie_inqs)>0:inq = movie_inqs[0]else:inq ='该视频无简介'movie_temp.append(inq)movie.append(movie_temp)return movie'''将返回内容写入文件'''def write_file(infos):#防止多个线程写文件造成数据错乱 mutex.acquire()with open("./movie.txt","ab") as f:for info in infos:write_info = ""for i in range(0,len(info)):info[i] = info[i].replace("\n","")write_info = write_info+info[i]+" "write_info= write_info+"\n"f.write(write_info)mutex.release()def start(i):url = "/top250?start=%d&filter="%(i*25)headers = Get_header()infos= Spider(url,headers)movie_infos = Analyse(infos)write_file(movie_infos)def main():#创建多线程Thread = []for i in range(0,10):t=threading.Thread(target=start,args=(i,))Thread.append(t)for i in range(0,10):Thread[i].start()for i in range(0,10):Thread[i].join()if __name__ == "__main__":#加锁mutex = threading.Lock()main()
最终结果会在当前目录下生成一个movie.txt txt中记录了每部视频的相关信息,大概格式如下(没有过多的调整文件格式,这里面可以写入mysql,或者写入execl中,更加方便查看)
以上就是基于正则表达式来获取豆瓣排名钱250的电影信息的爬虫原理及简单脚本。