可以参考python+requests接口自动化完整项目设计源码（一）/111testing/p/9612671.html

原文地址/yoyoketang/p/8628812.html

原文地址/yoyoketang/tag/python接口自动化/

原文地址/yoyoketang/

原文地址/yoyoketang/p/7259993.html

前言

1.环境准备：

python3.6requestsxlrdopenpyxlHTMLTestRunner_api

2.目前实现的功能：

封装requests请求方法在excel填写接口请求参数运行完后，重新生成一个excel报告，结果写入excel用unittest+ddt数据驱动模式执行HTMLTestRunner生成可视化的html报告对于没有关联的单个接口请求是可以批量执行的，需要登录的话写到setUpclass里的session里保持cookiestoken关联的不能实现logging日志文件暂时未加入

3.目前已知的缺陷：

无法实现参数关联：上个请求的结果是下个请求的参数，如token接口请求参数名有重复的，目前未处理，如key1=value1&key1=value2,两个key都一样，这种需要用元组存储，目前暂时未判断生成的excel样式未处理，后期慢慢优化样式python新手可能遇到模块导入报错问题

项目结构

excel测试数据

xlrd读excel数据

1.先从excel里面读取测试数据，返回字典格式

# coding:utf-8# 作者：上海-悠悠# QQ群：226296743import xlrdclass ExcelUtil():def __init__(self, excelPath, sheetName="Sheet1"):self.data = xlrd.open_workbook(excelPath)self.table = self.data.sheet_by_name(sheetName)# 获取第一行作为key值self.keys = self.table.row_values(0)# 获取总行数self.rowNum = self.table.nrows# 获取总列数self.colNum = self.table.ncolsdef dict_data(self):if self.rowNum <= 1:print("总行数小于1")else:r = []j = 1for i in list(range(self.rowNum-1)):s = {}# 从第二行取对应values值s['rowNum'] = i+2values = self.table.row_values(j)for x in list(range(self.colNum)):s[self.keys[x]] = values[x]r.append(s)j += 1return rif __name__ == "__main__":filepath = "debug_api.xlsx"sheetName = "Sheet1"data = ExcelUtil(filepath, sheetName)print(data.dict_data())

openpyxl写入数据

1.再封装一个写入excel数据的方法

# coding:utf-8from openpyxl import load_workbookimport openpyxl# 作者：上海-悠悠# QQ群：226296743def copy_excel(excelpath1, excelpath2):'''复制excek，把excelpath1数据复制到excelpath2'''wb2 = openpyxl.Workbook()wb2.save(excelpath2)# 读取数据wb1 = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelpath1)wb2 = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelpath2)sheets1 = wb1.sheetnamessheets2 = wb2.sheetnamessheet1 = wb1[sheets1[0]]sheet2 = wb2[sheets2[0]]max_row = sheet1.max_row # 最大行数max_column = sheet1.max_column # 最大列数for m in list(range(1,max_row+1)):for n in list(range(97,97+max_column)): # chr(97)='a'n = chr(n) # ASCII字符i ='%s%d'% (n, m) # 单元格编号cell1 = sheet1[i].value# 获取data单元格数据sheet2[i].value = cell1# 赋值到test单元格wb2.save(excelpath2) # 保存数据wb1.close()# 关闭excel wb2.close()class Write_excel(object):'''修改excel数据'''def __init__(self, filename):self.filename = filenameself.wb = load_workbook(self.filename)self.ws = self.wb.active # 激活sheetdef write(self, row_n, col_n, value):'''写入数据，如(2,3，"hello"),第二行第三列写入数据"hello"'''self.ws.cell(row_n, col_n).value = valueself.wb.save(self.filename)if __name__ == "__main__":copy_excel("debug_api.xlsx", "testreport.xlsx")wt = Write_excel("testreport.xlsx")wt.write(4, 5, "HELLEOP")wt.write(4, 6, "HELLEOP")

封装request请求方法

1.把从excel读处理的数据作为请求参数，封装requests请求方法，传入请求参数，并返回结果

2.为了不污染测试的数据，出报告的时候先将测试的excel复制都应该新的excel

3.把测试返回的结果，在新的excel里面写入数据

# coding:utf-8import jsonimport requestsfrom mon.readexcel import ExcelUtilfrom mon.writeexcel import copy_excel, Write_excel# 作者：上海-悠悠# QQ群：226296743def send_requests(s, testdata):'''封装requests请求'''method = testdata["method"]url = testdata["url"]# url后面的params参数try:params = eval(testdata["params"])except:params = None# 请求头部headerstry:headers = eval(testdata["headers"])print("请求头部：%s" % headers)except:headers = None# post请求body类型type = testdata["type"]test_nub = testdata['id']print("*******正在执行用例：----- %s ----**********" % test_nub)print("请求方式：%s, 请求url:%s" % (method, url))print("请求params：%s" % params)# post请求body内容try:bodydata = eval(testdata["body"])except:bodydata = {}# 判断传data数据还是jsonif type == "data":body = bodydataelif type == "json":body = json.dumps(bodydata)else:body = bodydataif method == "post": print("post请求body类型为：%s ,body内容为：%s" % (type, body))verify = Falseres = {} # 接受返回数据try:r = s.request(method=method,url=url,params=params,headers=headers,data=body,verify=verify)print("页面返回信息：%s" % r.content.decode("utf-8"))res['id'] = testdata['id']res['rowNum'] = testdata['rowNum']res["statuscode"] = str(r.status_code) # 状态码转成strres["text"] = r.content.decode("utf-8")res["times"] = str(r.elapsed.total_seconds()) # 接口请求时间转strif res["statuscode"] != "200":res["error"] = res["text"]else:res["error"] = ""res["msg"] = ""if testdata["checkpoint"] in res["text"]:res["result"] = "pass"print("用例测试结果: %s---->%s" % (test_nub, res["result"]))else:res["result"] = "fail"return resexcept Exception as msg:res["msg"] = str(msg)return resdef wirte_result(result, filename="result.xlsx"):# 返回结果的行数row_nubrow_nub = result['rowNum']# 写入statuscodewt = Write_excel(filename)wt.write(row_nub, 8, result['statuscode']) # 写入返回状态码statuscode,第8列wt.write(row_nub, 9, result['times']) # 耗时wt.write(row_nub, 10, result['error']) # 状态码非200时的返回信息wt.write(row_nub, 12, result['result']) # 测试结果 pass 还是failwt.write(row_nub, 13, result['msg']) # 抛异常if __name__ == "__main__":data = ExcelUtil("debug_api.xlsx").dict_data()print(data[0])s = requests.session()res = send_requests(s, data[0])copy_excel("debug_api.xlsx", "result.xlsx")wirte_result(res, filename="result.xlsx")

测试用例unittest+ddt

1.测试用例用unittest框架组建，并用ddt数据驱动模式，批量执行用例

# coding:utf-8import unittestimport ddtimport osimport requestsfrom mon import base_apifrom mon import readexcelfrom mon import writeexcel# 作者：上海-悠悠# QQ群：226296743# 获取demo_api.xlsx路径curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))testxlsx = os.path.join(curpath, "demo_api.xlsx")# 复制demo_api.xlsx文件到report下report_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(curpath), "report")reportxlsx = os.path.join(report_path, "result.xlsx")testdata = readexcel.ExcelUtil(testxlsx).dict_data()@ddt.ddtclass Test_api(unittest.TestCase):@classmethoddef setUpClass(cls):cls.s = requests.session()# 如果有登录的话，就在这里先登录了writeexcel.copy_excel(testxlsx, reportxlsx) # 复制xlsx@ddt.data(*testdata)def test_api(self, data):# 先复制excel数据到reportres = base_api.send_requests(self.s, data)base_api.wirte_result(res, filename=reportxlsx)# 检查点 checkpointcheck = data["checkpoint"]print("检查点->：%s"%check)# 返回结果res_text = res["text"]print("返回实际结果->：%s"%res_text)# 断言self.assertTrue(check in res_text)if __name__ == "__main__":unittest.main()

生成报告

1.用HTMLTestRunner生成html报告，我这里改了下名称，改成了HTMLTestRunner_api.py

此文件跟selenium的报告是通用的，github可下载/yoyoketang/selenium_report/tree/master/selenium_report

# coding=utf-8import unittestimport timefrom mon import HTMLTestRunner_apiimport os# 作者：上海-悠悠# QQ群：226296743curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))report_path = os.path.join(curpath, "report")if not os.path.exists(report_path): os.mkdir(report_path)case_path = os.path.join(curpath, "case")def add_case(casepath=case_path, rule="test*.py"):'''加载所有的测试用例'''# 定义discover方法的参数discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(casepath,pattern=rule,)return discoverdef run_case(all_case, reportpath=report_path):'''执行所有的用例, 并把结果写入测试报告'''htmlreport = reportpath+r"\result.html"print("测试报告生成地址：%s"% htmlreport)fp = open(htmlreport, "wb")runner = HTMLTestRunner_api.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,verbosity=2,title="测试报告",description="用例执行情况")# 调用add_case函数返回值 runner.run(all_case)fp.close()if __name__ == "__main__":cases = add_case()run_case(cases)

2.生成的excel报告

3.生成的html报告

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