java读取txt文件，如果编码格式不匹配，就会出现乱码现象。所以读取txt文件的时候需要设置读取编码。txt文档编码格式都是写在文件头的，在程序中需要先解析文件的编码格式，获得编码格式后，在按此格式读取文件就不会产生乱码了。(推荐：java视频教程)
java编码与txt编码对应：
示例：package com.lfl.attachment;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class TextMain {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String filePath = "D:/article.txt";
// String filePath = "D:/article333.txt";
// String filePath = "D:/article111.txt";
String content = readTxt(filePath);
System.out.println(content);
}
/**
* 解析普通文本文件 流式文件 如txt
* @param path
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public static String readTxt(String path){
StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder("");
try {
String code = resolveCode(path);
File file = new File(path);
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, code);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
// char[] buf = new char[1024];
// int i = br.read(buf);
// String s= new String(buf);
// System.out.println(s);
String str = "";
while (null != (str = br.readLine())) {
content.append(str);
}
br.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("读取文件:" + path + "失败!");
}
return content.toString();
}
public static String resolveCode(String path) throws Exception {
// String filePath = "D:/article.txt"; //[-76, -85, -71] ANSI
// String filePath = "D:/article111.txt"; //[-2, -1, 79] unicode big endian
// String filePath = "D:/article222.txt"; //[-1, -2, 32] unicode
// String filePath = "D:/article333.txt"; //[-17, -69, -65] UTF-8
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(path);
byte[] head = new byte[3];
inputStream.read(head);
String code = "gb2312"; //或GBK
if (head[0] == -1 && head[1] == -2 )
code = "UTF-16";
else if (head[0] == -2 && head[1] == -1 )
code = "Unicode";
else if(head[0]==-17 && head[1]==-69 && head[2] ==-65)
code = "UTF-8";
inputStream.close();
System.out.println(code);
return code;
}
}
注意：在resolveTxt方法中不能通过readTxt方法传InputStream流 ，这样会使两个方法持有同一个流引用，而在resolveTxt方法中已读过流中的三个字节，流中的pos此时已经是3了，而不是流的起始位置，再在readTxt中读取时就会出现IOException:Read Error。
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