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歪 这里到底谁说了算呐?深度解析名词性从句形式主语

时间:2021-08-02 23:13:13

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歪 这里到底谁说了算呐?深度解析名词性从句形式主语

在掌握了名词性从句的引导词之后,名词性从句知识我们差不多掌握了一半。下面我们分类来学习名词性从句。

主语从句就是从句充当主语。

主语从句对我们的难点是形式主语现象。

什么叫形式主语?

我们看例子。

That the singer and actor KUN is crazily liked by some teenagers who find it hard to remain silent when hearing a word of disprespect to KUN while at the same time being equally despised by other teenagers who never hear the name without saying dirty words is a big puzzle.

一些小伙伴疯狂迷恋歌手和演员蔡徐坤听到有人黑蔡徐坤就无法保持平静而另外一些小伙伴同样疯狂地黑他,听到蔡徐坤的名字就说脏话,这件事情非常令人费解。

如果不看译文,是不是觉得这句话有些费解啊?

原因很简单,就是因为结构有点不合理。

主语太长了。

划线部分全部是主语。

这样的句子读下来是不是非常费力啊。

为了解决这个问题,聪明的英国人想出了一个好办法,那就是形式主语。

上面的话还可以这样说:

It is a big puzzle that the singer and actor KUN is crazily liked by some teenagers who find it hard to remain silent when hearing a word of disprespect to KUN while at the same time being equally despised by other teenagers who never hear the name without saying dirty words.

英国人就是厉害啊,这么难一个句子用一个it就解决了。

这个it在这里起什么作用呢?

就是代替划线部分,that引导的主语从句,在形式上充当is的主语,而把真正的主语放到句子后面去。

这样做的好处很明显:句子结构更加直观了。

It is a bigpuzzle. 这句话本质就这么一个结构,主系表结构。

把事情弄复杂的是主语,主语从句太长,把它放到句子后面,理解上就更简单,我们看It is a bigpuzzle就知道,这里有一件事情比较令人费解,至于是令人费解呢?往后面读就明白了。

当然咯,主语从句本身也有点令人费解,这是可乐老师为了把句子弄长一点而特意编的,一般情况下不会出现这么长的主语从句。

it充当形式主语代替主语从句这种现象,经过长期使用,已经形成了一些常见句型。

下面我们来总结一下主语从句构成的最常见的句型。

It is(或其他系动词)+名词+从句

这个句型本质就是一个主系表结构,只不过这个主语是一个从句充当,并且这个从句被it取代,自己屈居二线了。

It is a sheer rumor that our English teacher is a big fan of KUN. 我们的英语老师是蔡徐坤的粉丝,这纯属谣言。(长得帅的人一般都不会粉别人咯)

It remains a mystery how cats deal with their poop.

喵星人怎么处理它们的便便还仍然是一个谜。

(当然,实际上,这个并不神秘,据说它们处理自己便便的方法只有简单两种:要么埋掉,要么吃掉。额,感觉再也无法直视喵星人)

It is an undisputable fact that Diaoyu islands belong to China.

钓鱼列岛属于中国,这是不可置疑的事实。

试着把上面的句子中的it去掉,把主语从句恢复到正常位置。

It is a shame/pity that you cannot attend the lecture to be given by Wang Junkai this afternoon.

你不能参加王俊凯今天下午的讲座,真是遗憾。

Wang Junkai practices English every day no matter how busy he is. It is no wonder that he speaks English so fluently.

不管多忙,凯哥都会天天坚持遛英语,难怪他英语说得这么溜。

这个句型比较灵活,很多名词都可以用在这个句型里面,我们平时阅读的过程中多留心发现和积累。

it is +形容词+从句

和第一个句型结构一样,只不过表语变成了形容词。

It is self-evident that he was lying to you when he said he had been working out. I mean, just look at his pot belly.

他说他一直在健身,这明显是骗人的。你看看他的大啤酒肚。

重要句型:It isself-evident/obvious/clear/apparent that…

。。。是显而易见的。

Considering that you are fresh in this field and that the job is quite tricky, it is important that you should follow his instructions when operating on your own.考虑到你在这个方面还是新手,而这个工作也比较棘手,你在单独行动的时候要严格遵循他的指令,这一点非常重要。

这个句型的特点是主语从句谓语动词一般要使用should+do,should可以省略。

It is important/ necessary/ right/ strange/ natural/ surprising that...

我们要记住上面列举的这几个形容词,并非所有形容词都有这种特权,能够影响到主语从句的谓语动词形式。

如果是描述过去的事情,从句谓语动词用should+have done,意思是“居然会做出某某事”。

Generally he is a good-tempered fellow who all of us love to hang around with. So it is extremely surprising that he should have acted so rudely towards us yesterday. 他一直脾气好,大家都喜欢跟他一起混,所以昨天他居然那么粗鲁地对我们,真的是太令人惊讶了。

it is+过去分词+从句

八哥:You know what?Liu Qiangdong got himself into trouble after having a good time with a beautiful girl in an American university. 你知道不?刘强东在和美国的一个漂亮女大学生开心之后惹上了麻烦。

八妹:You are telling me! And it is said that Zhang Zetian has been considering a divorce with him since the affair was made public.

这还要你说,我还听说自从这个破事被捅出来,奶茶妹妹就一直在考虑要休了他。(顺便提醒一下,You aretelling me意思不是你正在告诉我,而是“我早就知道啦,不用你告诉我”。八卦爱好者必备表达法啊)

八哥:It is a shame that a seemingly happy couple should end up in such an unpleasant manner. Previously it was generally believed that their marriage was exemplary of marital happiness.

真遗憾!看上去这么恩爱的一对居然这样不愉快地收场。以前大家普遍认为他们的结合是幸福婚姻的典范。

八妹:Actually, it has long been rumored that they have lived separately for a long time. 实际上,早就有谣言说他们已经分居很久了。

咳咳,得有人管管这对八卦兄妹了。

不过,可能这就是他们学英语的秘诀吧,用英语聊八卦,并且,to give them their credit(为他们说句公道话),他们的形式主语句型确实用得溜哈!我们要好好读一下上面的对话,把这些句型变成自己的语言储备,做到在写作和口语中都可以熟练准确使用。

常用句型:

It is said that… 据说。。。

It is reported that… 据报道。。。

It is known to all that… 众所周知,。。。

It is rumored that… 谣传。。。

It is estimated that… 据估计。。。

It is believed that… 相信。。。

It can be concluded that… 可以得出。。。结论

It must be pointed out that… 必须指出来。。。

it +不及物动词+从句

八哥:Has it ever occurred to you that it is a long time since we last worked out? 你有没有想过我们好久没有锻炼身体了?(it occurs to sb. that… 某人想起某事,经典句型,写作和口语高分必备。类似句型有It hit/strikesb. that… 例如,On her way to work, it hit her that she had forgotten to feed the cat. 上班途中,她突然想起忘记了喂猫。)

八妹:Well, as faras I am concerned, it doesn’t matter much whether we work out or not so long as we keep a healthy attitude toward life. 额,这个。。。就我而言,只要我们保持健康的生活态度,是否经常锻炼并不特别重要。(厉害了八妹,不锻炼还能找出这么冠冕堂皇的理由。It doesn’t matter whether… 是否。。。并不重要。)

八哥:It seems that you haven’t kicked that inveterate habit of staying indoors as long as your food lasts. You’re so indoorsy. 看来你还没有改掉只要有吃的就死宅的老毛病。(八哥也是够狠的啊,inveterate habit根深蒂固的习惯,这样厉害的词都用上了。It seems/looks/appears that…看来。。。顺 便教大家一个厉害的词,肥宅,indoorsy,形容词)

八妹:###*¥@@#%&*¥#@%%%@##

八哥:强忍笑意。。。

八妹:Truth always hurts. But it is not advisable to turn a deaf ear to truth just because it hurts. It will bite you deeper next time. Ignoring something unpleasant doesn’t settle it. The right approach to solving a problem is to face it and go all out to crack it. 真话总是伤人。但是仅仅因为这样就对真话充耳不闻是不明智的。下次它会伤你更深。无视一件不快的事情并不能真正解决它。解决问 题的正确方法是勇敢面对,然后全力以赴地去搞定它。(八妹严重受刺激,鸡汤都用上了)

八哥:To imagine this coming from you! Since you mentioned facing it and cracking it, let’s get down to business. It so happens that a gymnasium is offering free training sessions for promotion. How about going there tonight? 想不到你能说出这样的话!既然你提到勇敢面对和搞定,我们就来点实在的,不玩虚。凑巧有家健身房在搞促销,提供免费健身课程,要不我们今晚去?(It so happens that…真凑巧。。。)

八妹:###*¥@@#%&*¥#@%%%@##

高能句型归纳:

It occurs to sb. that…It hits/strikes sb. that…某人想起某事

It doesn’t matter whether...是否。。。不重要

It seems/looks/appears that...看来。。。

It (so) happens that…碰巧。。。

师父领进门,装b在个人。

道路千万条,精熟第一条。

多读多悟,必有收获!

u it +动词短语+主语从句

掌握了上面的句型,这个句型的理解就很轻松了。

It is always bothering Xiaowang why he is so handsome.

自己为什么长辣么帅这个问题长期困扰小王同学。

(正常语序:_______________________________________)

我只想对小王同学说:长得帅不是你的错,这样赤果果地炫耀就有点过分了。

It has nothing to do with me that Xiaowang is always irritating you with his zhuangbility. I never encourage him to do so. Actually, it makes me inconsolably disappointed that he is not half as handsome as I am although he is my son,biologically my son, I mean.

对于小王同学天怒人怨的炫耀行为,老王终于出手了。

小王长期装b,刺激大家,这个不关我的事。我从来没有鼓励他这么做。实际上,虽然他是我的儿子,我是说,亲生儿子,但是他没有我一半帅,这个让我极度失望。

厉害了老王!

这是安慰大家吗?

这是要炫出天际的节奏啊!

大家节哀,好好学英语,也许还有逆袭机会。

顺便提醒大家,老王长得帅不帅大家见仁见智,这口英语说得可是相当地帅啊!

干货提炼:

have nothing to do with…和。。。无关

irritate sb. with sth. 用。。。激怒某人

encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

make sb. inconsolably disappointed 使某人失望到极点(inconsolably字面意思:无法安慰的程度,这个用法真的是大师手法,出神入化,请收下俺虔诚的膝盖。)

not half as handsome as… 没有。。。一半帅,这个同级比较的用法也是化腐朽为神奇啊!

biologically my son 俺亲生儿子,这个就是传说中的纯地道英式思维,生物学意义上的儿子,是不是亲生的?拓展一下下,亲生父亲咋说?对咯,biological father,生物学意义上的父亲,亲爹。那养父呢?foster father, 养子,foster son。

So it turns out that Xiaowang is not Laowang’s biological son? 这么说,小王不是老王的亲生儿子?(嘘,不存在的,绝对亲生)

It turns out that… 结果。。。

是不是亲生,看长相就知道嘛!

They look so identical. It goes without saying that they are closely related biologically.他们长得这么像,不用说是近亲关系嘛。

It goes without saying that…不用说。。。

主语从句能够构成的句型不可能一一列举,上面给我们总结了一些最常见最实用的结构,目的有两个:帮助我们领悟主语从句;帮助我们学以致用。

等到熟练了,你也可以自己发明新句型。

上面经典句型多读几遍,写作和口语表达水平会突飞猛进。

不用怀疑!

话说可乐老师骗过人吗?

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