攻克英语,单选题几乎不容失分!今天就整理了单选做题技巧以及历年单选最容易出错的题目。一起来看看吧!
一.单选解题方法1. 直接法
直接利用相关语法知识,通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。例:——Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me?——Sorry. My mother always tells me there.A. not goB. goC. not to goD. to go【解析】根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式,即tell sb. not to do sth.,故此题应选C。2. 关键词法许多题目中都有这样一些词,它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词key words。找到句中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口,例:He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ?A. didn't heB. did heC. does he【解析】该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加s,应为过去式。因此本题答案B是正确的。3. 类推法如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用"如果A对,那么B也对"的类推法,从而可将A、B予以否定,例:——Who's the man at the door?—— .A. He is a doctorB. He is a friend of mineC. He is a famous singerD. He is twenty【解析】仔细分析备选答案就可发现:A、C选项针对的是"职业"。若A是对的,那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。4. 前后照应法此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案,例:——He isn't a teacher, is he?—— .He works in a hospital.A. Yes, he isB. No, he isn'tC. Yes, He isn'tD. No, he is【解析】本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答,我们知道"他"的身份不是教师;对反意疑问句的回答要根据实际情况。因此应选择的是B。5. 排除法根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪,例:The girl asked the teacher .A. what does the museum looks likeB. what did the museum look likeC. what the museum looks likeD. what the museum looked like【解析】本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态,故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误,所以D为正确答案。6. 交际法此方法可用交际用语,联系上下文直接解题,例:——Would you like to have another cup of tea?—— .A. Yes, I doB. Not al allC. No, thanksD. Help yourself【解析】本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对别人的邀请,如果表示不接受时,应委婉说出,不能断然拒绝。因此,选C是最佳答案。二. 思维定势解题误区
思维定势,指的是我们习惯性的思维方式。学生在做题时往往会受固定搭配,习惯用法等思维方式的影响,凭着经验或感觉快速解题。
当然,这有利于提高解题速度,但有时也会把学生的思维引向“歧路”。现举例分析,以引起大家注意。如:
1. Shanghai is larger than ___________ city in Jiangsu.
A. any
B. any other
C. other
D. one
【解析】仔细分析该题,就会发现本句中两个比较的双方Shanghai和Jiangsu是“相互不包含”关系。此句实际是Shanghai与Jiangsu的任一个城市进行比较,故选A。
2. There are a lot __________ apples in this basket than in that one.
A.most
B.more
C.of
D.much
【解析】此题学生往往会受短语a lot of的影响而选C,仔细研读该题则会发现此句是一个比较句型,句中的a lot实际上是用来修饰比较级的,该题的正确答案为B。
3. What did you ___________ at the meeting yesterday?
A.speak
B.tell
C.say
D.talk
【解析】这道题学生一看会根据“在会上发言,speak at the meeting”这一短语而选A。实际上这一句的意思是“你昨天在会上讲什么了?”疑问词what在句中作动词say的宾语,指说的内容,故选取答案C。
4. The bus is coming. Let"s___________.
A. get it on
B. get it off
C. get on it
D. get it off
【解析】此题容易受“动词+副词”短语的影响,把代词放在此结构的中间,而选答案A。表示上/下车时,此时on/off是介词,需要把代词放在on/off的后面,所以答案为C。
5. I"d heard a lot _________England. Some things were as I thought.
A. of
B. about
C. to
D. for
【解析】此题表面一看很简单,根据短语a lot of 选答案A。再看看句意,“我听说许多英国”,则发现正确答案为B,意为“听到很多有关英国的情况,有些正如我想的一样”。
6. ——Must I finish the work before five o"clock?
——No. You ___________ finish it before eight.
A. mustn"t
B. needn"t
C. can"t
D. can
【解析】对must引导的一般疑问句否定回答常用No,you needn"t.结构。但细细分析本句,就可以从标点看出No和它后面的部分实为两个句子,结合句意,可知答案为D。
7. There ________a film tomorrow evening.
A. will have
B. have
C. is going to be
D. has
【解析】此句意思很明显,“明天晚上有电影”。“有”易受汉语影响而选答案A。实际上本句应用There be句型,应选择C。
三. 解题的注意事项1. 认真地阅读题干,哪怕是不需要填空的句子。2. 熟记语法知识、固定短语、习惯用法。3. 注意区分同(近)意词、同(近)意短语。4. 学会寻找并发现题目中的关键点或隐含信息。5. 注意解题方法的熟练运用单项选择题的解题技巧和方法有很多种。但是,并不是一个题目只能运用一种方法,有时需要两种方法同时运用,这就需要熟练掌握各种方法的特点,以便能灵活运用。解单项选择题还需灵活运用所学知识,对句子的结构和意义加以合理的分析和理解,这样才能得出正确答案。四、易错题汇总
1. ________ it is today!
A. What fine weather
B. What a fine weather
C. How a fine weather
D. How fine a weather
解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. weather是不可数名词,前面不能有不定冠词。英语中经常考查的不可数名词有work, news, adivice, information等。
2. Which is the way to the __________?
A. shoe factory
B. shoes factory
C. shoe’s factory
D. shoes’ factory
解析:选A. 此题极易误选B, C, D. 英语中名词单数可以修饰名词,如: an apple tree—two apple trees. 但注意 a man teacher—two men teachers。
3. This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them.
A. are studying
B. is studying
C. be studying
D. studying
解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. class, family, team等单词如果表示整体谓语就用单数,表示个体就用复数,从语境及其后面的代词them可以看出,class表示个体,故选择A。
4. We will have a _________ holiday after the exam.
A. two month
B. two-month
C. two month’s
D. two-months
解析:选择B. 此题容易误选C, D. 在英语中数词中间用连字符号加名词单数,构成符合名词,在句中只能作定语, 如果选择C, 需要把逗号放s后面。
5. There is no enough ________ on the corner to put the table.
A. place
B. room
C. floor
D. ground
解析:选B. 此题最容易误选A.。 room在句中是空间而非房间。句意:角落里没有摆桌子的空间了。
6. We can have _____ blue sky if we create _____ less polluted world.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
解析:选A. 此题容易误选C, D. 根据句意:如果我们创造一个没有污染的世界,那么我们就用一个蓝色的天空。
7. — Are you ________ American or English?
— English. We are working in Wuhu.
A. a
B.不填
C. the
D. an
解析:选B 此题容易误选D. 句中American是形容词而非名词,如果句中改为Are you __________ or an English man? 就选择D。
8. You like playing basketball, and he likes running, _______?
A. don’t you
B. doesn’t he
C. do you
D. does he
解析:选择B. 此题容易误选A. 其实不是对前面的句中进行反问,而是对he likes running进行反问。
9. —Why not take ____ umbrella with the sign “ Made in China”? It is _____ useful umbrella.
—What _______ good advice it is!
A. an; an; a
B. an; a; 不填
C. a; an; a
D. 不填; an; a
解析:选B. 大多数学生容易做错此题。记住an用在元音音素前而不是元音字母前,记住了这一点就知道了an umbrella 和a useful umbrella. 在最后一句中advice是不可数名词,前面不能接不定冠词。故选择B。
10. —When shall we meet again next week?
— ____ day is possible. It’s no problem with me.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Every
D. Any
解析:此题非常难,选D. 下周任何一天都可以再次见面。Any在肯定句中意思是“任何的”。下周有七天容易排除A, B. 如果把next week 改为next Monday or Tuesday, 则必须选择A。
11. Robert has gone to ____ city and he’ll be back in a week.
A. other
B. the other
C. another
D. any other
解析:选C. 三个以上另外一个用another, other一般情况下修饰名词复数, the other表示两个中的另外一个,any other任何别的。句意:罗伯特去了另一个城市,一周后回来。
12.—A latest magazine, please.
—Only one left. Would you like to have ________?
A. it
B. one
C. this
D. that
解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. 根据句意:— 买一份最新报纸,—只剩下一份了,你要买这份吗?据此我们知道指的就是手里的那份报纸,并不是同一类事物。
13. —Which book would you like to borrow?
—_______ of the two books is OK with me.
A. Either
B. Both
C. Any
D. None
解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. 根据two books好容易排除C, D. 从谓语动词单数is 我们排除B。故选择A。
14. Mrs. Lee teaches ________ math. We all like her.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
解析:选B. 考查学生对teach sb sth。的掌握情况。 此题容易误选C. 误选C的学生是看见后面有名词math, 思维定势名词前面必须用形容词性物主代词。
15. There are many trees on ________ side of the street.
A. either
B. any
C. all
D. both
解析:选A. 此题容易误选D. 街道只有两边,排除B, C. both后面接复数,on either side of the strreet等于on the both sides of. 。如果选择D. side必须用复数形式。
16.________ is the population of the city?
A. How many
B. What
C. How many people
D. How much
解析:B. 此题容易误选A, C. 人口多少用What. 相当于How many people are there in the city?
17. —Why don’t we take a little break?
— Didn’t we just have _______ ?
A. it
B .that
C. one
D. this
解析:选 C. 同类事物用one. 句意:—为什么我们不休息一会儿?—刚才我们不是才休息吗?
18. The teacher asked the boy many questions,but he only answered___ of them.
A.some
B.lots
C.each
D.few
解析:A. 此题会误选D. 但前面有only, 如果去掉副词则选D。
19.About ______ the fans are waiting here. They want to see the great singer.
A. two thousand of
B.two thousand
C.thousand of
D.two thousands of
解析:选D. 此题极容易选错,误认为是B. 但two thousand后面直接接名词复数,不能有冠词the, 句意是:歌迷中大约有2000人在那里等,想看看这位伟大的歌星。
20. —How many apples do I have?
— You can have ______. I want none of them.
A. one
B. all
C. both
D.some
解析:选B. 学生易误选A , D. 其实如果没有I want none of them这句话,四个答案都是对的。从句意:我一个也不想要,就知道你可以吃所有苹果。
21.Japan is ________ the east of China. Taiwan is ____ the southeast of China.
A. in; in
B. to; in
C. on ; to
D. in; to
解析:选B. 日本位于中国东部(外面)用to, 台湾位于中国东部(内部)用in。
22.The postman shouted, “ Mr Green, here is a letter ________ you.”
A. to
B. from
C. for
D. of
解析:选C. 介词的考查。句意:Mr Green, 这是你的信。学生容易误选A。
23.He hasn’t heard from his friend __________ last month.
A. since
B. by the end of
C. for
D. until
解析:A. 此题学生容易受思维定势not… until…的影响误选D。since用于现在完成时,如果此题是一般过去时就选择D。
24.—Jimmy lost his key yesterday.
—________? It’s his third time in just one month.
A. Has he
B. Did he
C. Was he
D. Does he
解析:B. 根据上一句一般过去时可以判断。
25.You’ve passed the exam. I’m happy ______ you.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. for
解析:选D. 句意:你考试及格了,我为你高兴。
26. I wonder ________ they finished so many different jobs in such a short time.
A. why
B. how
C. when
D. where
解析:选B. 句意:我想知道他在如此短的时间内是怎样完成这么多不同工作的。
27. —Ought I to go right now?
—_________.
A. That’s very bad.
B. Yes, you go ought to
C. Yes, you ought
D. No, you ought not to
解析:选D. 句子的肯定回答为:Yes, you ought to. 否定回答为:No, you ought not to.
28. I don’t know when he ________. When he _______ here, I’ll call you in a minute.
A. will come; will arrive
B. comes; arrices
C. will come; arrives
D. comes; will arrive
解析:选C. 第一句是宾语从句根据语境用一般将来时,第二句是时间状语从句,由于主句是一般将来时,那么从句要用一般现在时来代替。
29. He turned ________ the radio a little because his father was asleep.
A. on
B. down
C. up
D. off
解析:选B. 此题学生会误选D. 但后面有个副词短语a little, 故选择B, 意为:把收音机调小一点,父亲在睡觉。如果去掉a little则选择D。
30. I don’t know the homework _______ today.
A. on
B. in
C. of
D. for
解析:选D. 句意: 我不知道今天的家庭作业。
31. —Would you like some coffee?
—Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee _____ milk.
A. with
B. to
C. of
D. on
解析:A. 此题学生极易受思维定势prefer… to… 的影响误选B。句意:我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。
32. They each ___ a book. Each of them ___ from China.
A. has;are
B. have; is
C. are having;are
D. is having;is
解析:选B. 此题考查主谓一致。此题应该用一般现在时,排除C, D. each作同位语谓语动词与主语保持一致,each做主语谓语动词用单数。
33. — __________ you ________ your book to the library?
— Yes. I returned it yesterday.
A. Did, return
B. Have, returned
C. Will, return
D. Do, return
解析:选择B. 此题容易误选A. 从句意看:你把书归还图书馆了吗?是的。我昨天归还了。对现在的影响是“书不在这儿了”。
34. Though it’s cloudy now, it _________ get sunny later.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. need
解析:选B. 表示可能性用may. Can主要表示两种用法,一种是表示能力,另外一种是请求许可; must必须;need需要。
35.It is in the library, you _______ talk loudly.
A. may not
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
解析:选D。mustn’t表示禁止,不准。根据句意:在图书馆,禁止大声说话。
36. If anyone wants to say something in class, you ________ put up your hands first.
A. must
B. may
C. should
D. can
解析:选C。 句意: 课堂上如果你想说点东西,你应该举手。
37.The pen _________ him ten yuan.
A. paid
B. cost
C. took
D. spent
解析:选B. 动词辨析。主语是物用cost. Pay, spend的主语是人。 Take的形式主语是it。
38. The train _________ for twenty minutes.
A. left
B. has left
C. is leaving
D. has been away
解析:选D. 此题形式会误选B. 但瞬间性动词不能与一段时间for twenty minutes连用。
39. — How many books _____ they ________?
— Five. But they haven’t finished reading even one.
A. did…borrow
B. had…borrowed
C . will…borrow
D. do…borrow
解析:选A。 此题考查时态,根据语境:他们一本也没有读完。可知他们以前借了5本书。强调过去。
40. He _________ his bike,so he has to walk there.
A. lost
B. has lost
C. had lost
D. loses
解析:选B. 此题考查时态,根据语境他丢了自行车,对现在造成的影响是不得不走路。